Longest common substring in linear timeComputing the longest common substring of two strings using suffix...

Delivering sarcasm

How to indicate a cut out for a product window

Melting point of aspirin, contradicting sources

2.8 Why are collections grayed out? How can I open them?

How do I color the graph in datavisualization?

How can "mimic phobia" be cured or prevented?

Is it safe to use olive oil to clean the ear wax?

What is the evidence for the "tyranny of the majority problem" in a direct democracy context?

How do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?

Has any country ever had 2 former presidents in jail simultaneously?

A social experiment. What is the worst that can happen?

How should I respond when I lied about my education and the company finds out through background check?

Non-trope happy ending?

How much character growth crosses the line into breaking the character

It grows, but water kills it

How do you respond to a colleague from another team when they're wrongly expecting that you'll help them?

When were female captains banned from Starfleet?

Is there any references on the tensor product of presentable (1-)categories?

Count the occurrence of each unique word in the file

If infinitesimal transformations commute why dont the generators of the Lorentz group commute?

Biological Blimps: Propulsion

Is it improper etiquette to ask your opponent what his/her rating is before the game?

How to bake one texture for one mesh with multiple textures blender 2.8

Creepy dinosaur pc game identification



Longest common substring in linear time


Computing the longest common substring of two strings using suffix arraysFind longest common substring using a rolling hashWhich algorithm to use to find all common substring (LCS case) with really big stringsFinding the longest repeating subsequenceHow to find longest recurring pattern from lage string data set?Longest substring with consecutive repetitionsDoes the Longest Common Subsequence problem reduce to its binary version?Substring problems in suffix treesNumber of optimal solutions for Longest Common Subsequence (Substring) problemLongest common sequence matrix giving wrong answer













2












$begingroup$


We know that the longest common substring of two strings can be found in O(N^2) time complexity.
Can a solution be found in only linear time?






algorithms time-complexity strings longest-common-substring







share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$

















    2












    $begingroup$


    We know that the longest common substring of two strings can be found in O(N^2) time complexity.
    Can a solution be found in only linear time?






    algorithms time-complexity strings longest-common-substring







    share|cite|improve this question











    $endgroup$















      2












      2








      2





      $begingroup$


      We know that the longest common substring of two strings can be found in O(N^2) time complexity.
      Can a solution be found in only linear time?






      algorithms time-complexity strings longest-common-substring







      share|cite|improve this question











      $endgroup$




      We know that the longest common substring of two strings can be found in O(N^2) time complexity.
      Can a solution be found in only linear time?






      algorithms time-complexity strings longest-common-substring




      algorithms time-complexity strings longest-common-substring






      share|cite|improve this question















      share|cite|improve this question













      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question








      edited 2 hours ago









      Discrete lizard♦

      4,44011537




      4,44011537










      asked 2 hours ago









      Manoharsinh RanaManoharsinh Rana

      917




      917






















          3 Answers
          3






          active

          oldest

          votes


















          2












          $begingroup$

          Yes, the longest common substring of two strings can be found in $O(m+n)$ time, where $m$ and $n$ are the lengths of the two strings, assuming the size of the alphabet is constant.



          Here is an excerpt from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem.




          The longest common substrings of a set of strings can be found by building a generalized suffix tree for the strings, and then finding the deepest internal nodes which have leaf nodes from all the strings in the subtree below it.




          Building a generalized suffix tree for two given strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time using the famous ingenious Ukkonen's algorithm. Finding the deepest internal nodes that come from both strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time. Hence we can find the longest common substring in $Theta(m+n)$ time.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
            $endgroup$
            – Apass.Jack
            1 hour ago





















          1












          $begingroup$

          It is unlikely that that a better algorithm than quadratic exists, let alone linear. For the related problem of finding subsequences, this is a known result: In the paper "Tight hardness results for LCS and other sequence similarity measures." by Abboud et al. , they show that the existence of an algorithm with a running time of $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$, for some $varepsilon>0$ refutes the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH).



          SETH is considered to be very likely true (although not universally accepted), so it is unlikely any $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$ time algorithm exists.




          While finding a substring is a slightly different problem, it seems likely to be equally hard.






          share|cite|improve this answer











          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
            $endgroup$
            – Manoharsinh Rana
            2 hours ago












          • $begingroup$
            @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
            $endgroup$
            – Discrete lizard♦
            2 hours ago










          • $begingroup$
            Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
            $endgroup$
            – D.W.♦
            1 hour ago



















          1












          $begingroup$

          Yes. There's even a Wikipedia article about it! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem



          In particular, as Wikipedia explains, there is a linear-time algorithm, using suffix trees (or suffix arrays).



          Searching on "longest common substring" turns up that Wikipedia article as the first hit (for me). In the future, please research the problem before asking here. (See, e.g., https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/261592/781723.)






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













            Your Answer





            StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function () {
            return StackExchange.using("mathjaxEditing", function () {
            StackExchange.MarkdownEditor.creationCallbacks.add(function (editor, postfix) {
            StackExchange.mathjaxEditing.prepareWmdForMathJax(editor, postfix, [["$", "$"], ["\\(","\\)"]]);
            });
            });
            }, "mathjax-editing");

            StackExchange.ready(function() {
            var channelOptions = {
            tags: "".split(" "),
            id: "419"
            };
            initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

            StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
            // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
            if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
            StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
            createEditor();
            });
            }
            else {
            createEditor();
            }
            });

            function createEditor() {
            StackExchange.prepareEditor({
            heartbeatType: 'answer',
            autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
            convertImagesToLinks: false,
            noModals: true,
            showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
            reputationToPostImages: null,
            bindNavPrevention: true,
            postfix: "",
            imageUploader: {
            brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
            contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
            allowUrls: true
            },
            onDemand: true,
            discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
            ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
            });


            }
            });














            draft saved

            draft discarded


















            StackExchange.ready(
            function () {
            StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fcs.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f105969%2flongest-common-substring-in-linear-time%23new-answer', 'question_page');
            }
            );

            Post as a guest















            Required, but never shown

























            3 Answers
            3






            active

            oldest

            votes








            3 Answers
            3






            active

            oldest

            votes









            active

            oldest

            votes






            active

            oldest

            votes









            2












            $begingroup$

            Yes, the longest common substring of two strings can be found in $O(m+n)$ time, where $m$ and $n$ are the lengths of the two strings, assuming the size of the alphabet is constant.



            Here is an excerpt from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem.




            The longest common substrings of a set of strings can be found by building a generalized suffix tree for the strings, and then finding the deepest internal nodes which have leaf nodes from all the strings in the subtree below it.




            Building a generalized suffix tree for two given strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time using the famous ingenious Ukkonen's algorithm. Finding the deepest internal nodes that come from both strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time. Hence we can find the longest common substring in $Theta(m+n)$ time.






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – Apass.Jack
              1 hour ago


















            2












            $begingroup$

            Yes, the longest common substring of two strings can be found in $O(m+n)$ time, where $m$ and $n$ are the lengths of the two strings, assuming the size of the alphabet is constant.



            Here is an excerpt from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem.




            The longest common substrings of a set of strings can be found by building a generalized suffix tree for the strings, and then finding the deepest internal nodes which have leaf nodes from all the strings in the subtree below it.




            Building a generalized suffix tree for two given strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time using the famous ingenious Ukkonen's algorithm. Finding the deepest internal nodes that come from both strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time. Hence we can find the longest common substring in $Theta(m+n)$ time.






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – Apass.Jack
              1 hour ago
















            2












            2








            2





            $begingroup$

            Yes, the longest common substring of two strings can be found in $O(m+n)$ time, where $m$ and $n$ are the lengths of the two strings, assuming the size of the alphabet is constant.



            Here is an excerpt from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem.




            The longest common substrings of a set of strings can be found by building a generalized suffix tree for the strings, and then finding the deepest internal nodes which have leaf nodes from all the strings in the subtree below it.




            Building a generalized suffix tree for two given strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time using the famous ingenious Ukkonen's algorithm. Finding the deepest internal nodes that come from both strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time. Hence we can find the longest common substring in $Theta(m+n)$ time.






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$



            Yes, the longest common substring of two strings can be found in $O(m+n)$ time, where $m$ and $n$ are the lengths of the two strings, assuming the size of the alphabet is constant.



            Here is an excerpt from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem.




            The longest common substrings of a set of strings can be found by building a generalized suffix tree for the strings, and then finding the deepest internal nodes which have leaf nodes from all the strings in the subtree below it.




            Building a generalized suffix tree for two given strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time using the famous ingenious Ukkonen's algorithm. Finding the deepest internal nodes that come from both strings takes $Theta(m+n)$ time. Hence we can find the longest common substring in $Theta(m+n)$ time.







            share|cite|improve this answer












            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer










            answered 1 hour ago









            Apass.JackApass.Jack

            13.3k1939




            13.3k1939












            • $begingroup$
              I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – Apass.Jack
              1 hour ago




















            • $begingroup$
              I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – Apass.Jack
              1 hour ago


















            $begingroup$
            I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
            $endgroup$
            – Apass.Jack
            1 hour ago






            $begingroup$
            I did not see @D.W's answer, possibly because I was interrupted while writing my answer.
            $endgroup$
            – Apass.Jack
            1 hour ago













            1












            $begingroup$

            It is unlikely that that a better algorithm than quadratic exists, let alone linear. For the related problem of finding subsequences, this is a known result: In the paper "Tight hardness results for LCS and other sequence similarity measures." by Abboud et al. , they show that the existence of an algorithm with a running time of $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$, for some $varepsilon>0$ refutes the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH).



            SETH is considered to be very likely true (although not universally accepted), so it is unlikely any $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$ time algorithm exists.




            While finding a substring is a slightly different problem, it seems likely to be equally hard.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
              $endgroup$
              – Manoharsinh Rana
              2 hours ago












            • $begingroup$
              @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
              $endgroup$
              – Discrete lizard♦
              2 hours ago










            • $begingroup$
              Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – D.W.♦
              1 hour ago
















            1












            $begingroup$

            It is unlikely that that a better algorithm than quadratic exists, let alone linear. For the related problem of finding subsequences, this is a known result: In the paper "Tight hardness results for LCS and other sequence similarity measures." by Abboud et al. , they show that the existence of an algorithm with a running time of $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$, for some $varepsilon>0$ refutes the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH).



            SETH is considered to be very likely true (although not universally accepted), so it is unlikely any $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$ time algorithm exists.




            While finding a substring is a slightly different problem, it seems likely to be equally hard.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$













            • $begingroup$
              are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
              $endgroup$
              – Manoharsinh Rana
              2 hours ago












            • $begingroup$
              @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
              $endgroup$
              – Discrete lizard♦
              2 hours ago










            • $begingroup$
              Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – D.W.♦
              1 hour ago














            1












            1








            1





            $begingroup$

            It is unlikely that that a better algorithm than quadratic exists, let alone linear. For the related problem of finding subsequences, this is a known result: In the paper "Tight hardness results for LCS and other sequence similarity measures." by Abboud et al. , they show that the existence of an algorithm with a running time of $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$, for some $varepsilon>0$ refutes the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH).



            SETH is considered to be very likely true (although not universally accepted), so it is unlikely any $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$ time algorithm exists.




            While finding a substring is a slightly different problem, it seems likely to be equally hard.






            share|cite|improve this answer











            $endgroup$



            It is unlikely that that a better algorithm than quadratic exists, let alone linear. For the related problem of finding subsequences, this is a known result: In the paper "Tight hardness results for LCS and other sequence similarity measures." by Abboud et al. , they show that the existence of an algorithm with a running time of $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$, for some $varepsilon>0$ refutes the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH).



            SETH is considered to be very likely true (although not universally accepted), so it is unlikely any $O(n^{2-varepsilon})$ time algorithm exists.




            While finding a substring is a slightly different problem, it seems likely to be equally hard.







            share|cite|improve this answer














            share|cite|improve this answer



            share|cite|improve this answer








            edited 2 hours ago

























            answered 2 hours ago









            Discrete lizard♦Discrete lizard

            4,44011537




            4,44011537












            • $begingroup$
              are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
              $endgroup$
              – Manoharsinh Rana
              2 hours ago












            • $begingroup$
              @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
              $endgroup$
              – Discrete lizard♦
              2 hours ago










            • $begingroup$
              Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – D.W.♦
              1 hour ago


















            • $begingroup$
              are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
              $endgroup$
              – Manoharsinh Rana
              2 hours ago












            • $begingroup$
              @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
              $endgroup$
              – Discrete lizard♦
              2 hours ago










            • $begingroup$
              Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
              $endgroup$
              – D.W.♦
              1 hour ago
















            $begingroup$
            are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
            $endgroup$
            – Manoharsinh Rana
            2 hours ago






            $begingroup$
            are you talking about subsequence? I am talking about substring.
            $endgroup$
            – Manoharsinh Rana
            2 hours ago














            $begingroup$
            @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
            $endgroup$
            – Discrete lizard♦
            2 hours ago




            $begingroup$
            @ManoharsinhRana Ah, I see. The problems are similar, and it is hard to find results for the string variant. I think there are similar results for the substring problem, but they are not easy to find. You could try looking at papers that cite "Quadratic conditional lower bounds for string problems and dynamic time warping" by Bringmann and Künnemann, as their program lead to a lot of results related to this problem.
            $endgroup$
            – Discrete lizard♦
            2 hours ago












            $begingroup$
            Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
            $endgroup$
            – D.W.♦
            1 hour ago




            $begingroup$
            Longest common substring is much easier than longest common subsequence. See my answer.
            $endgroup$
            – D.W.♦
            1 hour ago











            1












            $begingroup$

            Yes. There's even a Wikipedia article about it! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem



            In particular, as Wikipedia explains, there is a linear-time algorithm, using suffix trees (or suffix arrays).



            Searching on "longest common substring" turns up that Wikipedia article as the first hit (for me). In the future, please research the problem before asking here. (See, e.g., https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/261592/781723.)






            share|cite|improve this answer









            $endgroup$


















              1












              $begingroup$

              Yes. There's even a Wikipedia article about it! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem



              In particular, as Wikipedia explains, there is a linear-time algorithm, using suffix trees (or suffix arrays).



              Searching on "longest common substring" turns up that Wikipedia article as the first hit (for me). In the future, please research the problem before asking here. (See, e.g., https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/261592/781723.)






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$
















                1












                1








                1





                $begingroup$

                Yes. There's even a Wikipedia article about it! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem



                In particular, as Wikipedia explains, there is a linear-time algorithm, using suffix trees (or suffix arrays).



                Searching on "longest common substring" turns up that Wikipedia article as the first hit (for me). In the future, please research the problem before asking here. (See, e.g., https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/261592/781723.)






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$



                Yes. There's even a Wikipedia article about it! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_common_substring_problem



                In particular, as Wikipedia explains, there is a linear-time algorithm, using suffix trees (or suffix arrays).



                Searching on "longest common substring" turns up that Wikipedia article as the first hit (for me). In the future, please research the problem before asking here. (See, e.g., https://meta.stackoverflow.com/q/261592/781723.)







                share|cite|improve this answer












                share|cite|improve this answer



                share|cite|improve this answer










                answered 1 hour ago









                D.W.♦D.W.

                102k12127291




                102k12127291






























                    draft saved

                    draft discarded




















































                    Thanks for contributing an answer to Computer Science Stack Exchange!


                    • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

                    But avoid …



                    • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

                    • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


                    Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.


                    To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




                    draft saved


                    draft discarded














                    StackExchange.ready(
                    function () {
                    StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fcs.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f105969%2flongest-common-substring-in-linear-time%23new-answer', 'question_page');
                    }
                    );

                    Post as a guest















                    Required, but never shown





















































                    Required, but never shown














                    Required, but never shown












                    Required, but never shown







                    Required, but never shown

































                    Required, but never shown














                    Required, but never shown












                    Required, but never shown







                    Required, but never shown







                    -

                    Popular posts from this blog

                    What is the “three and three hundred thousand syndrome”?Who wrote the book Arena?What five creatures were...

                    Image
                    What happens when the centripetal force is equal and opposite to the centrifugal force? Why is "la Gestapo" feminine? Nested Dynamic SOQL Query How are passwords stolen from companies if they only store hashes? Exposing a company lying about themselves in a tightly knit industry: Is my career at risk on the long run? Can "few" be used as a subject? If so, what is the rule? Why are there no stars visible in cislunar space? categorizing a variable turns it from insignificant to significant Do I need an EFI partition for each 18.04 ubuntu I have on my HD? What are the consequences of changing the number of hours in ...
                    Read more

                    Gersau Kjelder | Navigasjonsmeny46°59′0″N 8°31′0″E46°59′0″N...

                    Image
                    Tidlegare republikkarSkipingar i 1433Kommunar i SchwyzDistrikt i SchwyzNedleggingar i 1798Stader ved Vierwaldstättersee kommunekantonenSchwyzSveitskm²VierwaldstätterseeLauerz Gersau Kommunevåpenet til Gersau Plassering Styresmakter Land   Sveits Kanton kantonen Schwyz Distrikt Gersau Språk tysk Geografi Flatevidd  - kommune 23,70 km² Innbyggjarar  - kommune (desember 2010)    - folketettleik 2 094   88,4 /km² Koordinatar 46°59′0″N 8°31′0″E  Koordinatar: 46°59′0″N 8°31′0″E  Høgd over havet 435 moh Diverse annan informasjon Postnummer 6442 Nettstad: www.gersau.ch Freistaat und Republik Gersau Fristaten og republikken Gersau By-republikk og alliert protektorat i Det gamle sveitsiske eidsforundet ←   ← 1433–1798 1814–1818 →   → Hovudstad Gersau Styreform Republikk Historisk periode Tidleg moderne tid  - Kjøpte fridom frå ...
                    Read more

                    Hestehale Innhaldsliste Hestehale på kvinner | Hestehale på menn | Galleri | Sjå òg |...

                    Image
                    Frisyrar frisyrehårhårstrikkhårklemmerøyrethesthovudverkeuropeisk motejobbtreningfletterparykkarungdomsopprørmotkulturmusikararmotorsykkelentusiastarpolitietpolitiskforretningverksemdfiskeflette Hestehale sett bakfrå. Hestehale på ein mannleg indianarleiar. Hestehale er ein frisyre der ein samlar det meste eller alt av langt hår [1] i bakhovudet med ein hårstrikk eller liknande. Avhengig av mote kan det òg vere vanleg å sette opp hestehalen med hårklemmer eller å ha hestehalen hengande på den eine sida av hovudet ved å samle håret ved øyret. Hestehale er ein vanleg frisyre for jenter og for gutar med langt hår. Han har fått namnet sitt etter likskapen med halen på ein hest. For stramme hestehaler kan føre til hårtap, [2] i nokre høve også hovudverk. [3] Innhaldsliste 1 Hestehale på kvinner 2 Hestehale på menn 3 Galleri 4 Sjå òg 5 Bakgrunnsstoff 6 Kjelder Hestehale på kvinner | Ungjente med hestehale som held håret unna ansiktet...
                    Read more