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Where is the fallacy here?

Argument where premises cannot all be trueInvalid arguments with true premises and true conclusionLogic Question: Symbolizing sentences that use “some”?Does the Fallacy Fallacy make logic useless?How do you call a logic fallacy that appeals to the impossibility of the taskAlternate form of “all x are y”Is calling an argument a fallacy, or is the notion of informal fallacy, just a method of manipulation?When someone responds to an argument by changing the subject, what fallacy are they using?He hasn't found the false positive yet, but he is committing a logical fallacy. What is the fallacy?Is arguing that one's opponent has “no evidence” an example of some identified logical fallacy?

2

Where is the fallacy here:

1. whatever is natural is not unnatural




2. whatever is unnatural is not natural




3. the phenomenon of cats being born into this world is natural




4. the phenomenon of rabbits being born into this world is not the phenomenon in point 3

Conclusion: the phenomenon of rabbits being born into this world is unnatural

logic

share|improve this question

edited 30 mins ago

brilliant

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

New contributor

brilliant is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Obviously not all cats are normal.
  
  – Bread
  1 hour ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Assuming cats are normal: rabbits can also be normal without being cats.
  
  – Bread
  31 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Bread - I did some edits.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @brilliant My answer responds to your original post. I do not think that the edits change my answer.
  
  – Mark Andrews
  13 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

2

Where is the fallacy here:

1. whatever is natural is not unnatural




2. whatever is unnatural is not natural




3. the phenomenon of cats being born into this world is natural




4. the phenomenon of rabbits being born into this world is not the phenomenon in point 3

Conclusion: the phenomenon of rabbits being born into this world is unnatural

logic

share|improve this question

edited 30 mins ago

brilliant

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

New contributor

brilliant is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  1
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Obviously not all cats are normal.
  
  – Bread
  1 hour ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Assuming cats are normal: rabbits can also be normal without being cats.
  
  – Bread
  31 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @Bread - I did some edits.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  @brilliant My answer responds to your original post. I do not think that the edits change my answer.
  
  – Mark Andrews
  13 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

Where is the fallacy here:

1. whatever is natural is not unnatural




2. whatever is unnatural is not natural




3. the phenomenon of cats being born into this world is natural




4. the phenomenon of rabbits being born into this world is not the phenomenon in point 3

Conclusion: the phenomenon of rabbits being born into this world is unnatural

logic

share|improve this question

edited 30 mins ago

brilliant

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

New contributor

brilliant is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this question

edited 30 mins ago

brilliant

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

New contributor

brilliant is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this question

edited 30 mins ago

brilliant

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

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brilliant is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

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brilliant is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

asked 2 hours ago

brilliantbrilliant

1134

4 Answers
4

active

oldest

votes

1

Here is the argument:

1. No N is not-N.




2. No not-N is N.




3. All C are N.




4. No R are C.

Thus: No R are N.

The syllogism is invalid for two reasons. First, the third premise denies the antecedent (cats) of the fourth. There can be other animals that are normal. Wikipedia: Denying the antecedent; Formal fallacy.

Second, a term that is distributed in the conclusion (normal) is not distributed in the major premise (all cats are normal). Wikipedia: Illicit major.

The first two premises are not needed except as definitions. The second two, about cats and rabbits, state actual relationships between categories,

share|improve this answer

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Thank you. I guess your answer is fully applicable to the latest edits in my question, too, right?
  
  – brilliant
  1 min ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

1

You imply in point 3 that all cats are normal. I don't know the specific name of the fallacy, but your argument is invalid because you didn't state that all things normal are cats, only that all cats are normal.

share|improve this answer

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

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Jonah.P is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I am not sure that point 3 is "all" cats are normal or "some" cats are normal.
  
  – Frank Hubeny
  47 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  By "cats are normal" I meant to say that it is absolutely normal that cats are born into and exist in this world, whatever condition some cats may be born in (blind, no limbs, etc.)
  
  – brilliant
  37 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I did some editing to my question.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

0

Your error here is defining "normal" as a single set of things to which something either belongs or doesn't. That's not a useful (or normal) definition. Things are only normal or abnormal in context, compared to others of their kind. Are they a common or typical example of that kind, or are they an unusual or rare example? Normal cats have long tails (Manx cats might be considered abnormal). But a cat would be, say, a very abnormal voter, or an abnormal vehicle (more typical voters being human and more typical vehicles being machines). A perfectly normal person, likewise, would be an abnormal meal (cannibalism being rare), and a perfectly ordinary vehicle (say a bicycle) would be an unusual piece of art to hang on a wall.

You then make a second error in assuming that the statement "cats are normal" is equating the set of cats with the set of normal things. That's not what "are" means in this context. A more appropriate reading of that sentence would be to make cats a subset of normal things.

share|improve this answer

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I did some editing to my question.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

0

The argument is basically the fallacy of Denying the Antecedant. ~C, C → N |- ~N

• RabbitBirths are not CatBirths,


• CatBirths are NaturalPhenomena,


• therefore RabbitBirths are not NaturalPhenomena.

R → ~C , C → N |- R → ~N

share

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618

add a comment | 

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1

Here is the argument:

1. No N is not-N.




2. No not-N is N.




3. All C are N.




4. No R are C.

Thus: No R are N.

The syllogism is invalid for two reasons. First, the third premise denies the antecedent (cats) of the fourth. There can be other animals that are normal. Wikipedia: Denying the antecedent; Formal fallacy.

Second, a term that is distributed in the conclusion (normal) is not distributed in the major premise (all cats are normal). Wikipedia: Illicit major.

The first two premises are not needed except as definitions. The second two, about cats and rabbits, state actual relationships between categories,

share|improve this answer

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Thank you. I guess your answer is fully applicable to the latest edits in my question, too, right?
  
  – brilliant
  1 min ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

1

Here is the argument:

1. No N is not-N.




2. No not-N is N.




3. All C are N.




4. No R are C.

Thus: No R are N.

The syllogism is invalid for two reasons. First, the third premise denies the antecedent (cats) of the fourth. There can be other animals that are normal. Wikipedia: Denying the antecedent; Formal fallacy.

Second, a term that is distributed in the conclusion (normal) is not distributed in the major premise (all cats are normal). Wikipedia: Illicit major.

The first two premises are not needed except as definitions. The second two, about cats and rabbits, state actual relationships between categories,

share|improve this answer

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  Thank you. I guess your answer is fully applicable to the latest edits in my question, too, right?
  
  – brilliant
  1 min ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

Here is the argument:

1. No N is not-N.




2. No not-N is N.




3. All C are N.




4. No R are C.

Thus: No R are N.

The syllogism is invalid for two reasons. First, the third premise denies the antecedent (cats) of the fourth. There can be other animals that are normal. Wikipedia: Denying the antecedent; Formal fallacy.

Second, a term that is distributed in the conclusion (normal) is not distributed in the major premise (all cats are normal). Wikipedia: Illicit major.

The first two premises are not needed except as definitions. The second two, about cats and rabbits, state actual relationships between categories,

share|improve this answer

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

share|improve this answer

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

answered 17 mins ago

Mark AndrewsMark Andrews

2,7851623

1

You imply in point 3 that all cats are normal. I don't know the specific name of the fallacy, but your argument is invalid because you didn't state that all things normal are cats, only that all cats are normal.

share|improve this answer

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

New contributor

Jonah.P is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I am not sure that point 3 is "all" cats are normal or "some" cats are normal.
  
  – Frank Hubeny
  47 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  By "cats are normal" I meant to say that it is absolutely normal that cats are born into and exist in this world, whatever condition some cats may be born in (blind, no limbs, etc.)
  
  – brilliant
  37 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I did some editing to my question.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

1

You imply in point 3 that all cats are normal. I don't know the specific name of the fallacy, but your argument is invalid because you didn't state that all things normal are cats, only that all cats are normal.

share|improve this answer

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

New contributor

Jonah.P is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I am not sure that point 3 is "all" cats are normal or "some" cats are normal.
  
  – Frank Hubeny
  47 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  By "cats are normal" I meant to say that it is absolutely normal that cats are born into and exist in this world, whatever condition some cats may be born in (blind, no limbs, etc.)
  
  – brilliant
  37 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  


• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I did some editing to my question.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

You imply in point 3 that all cats are normal. I don't know the specific name of the fallacy, but your argument is invalid because you didn't state that all things normal are cats, only that all cats are normal.

share|improve this answer

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

New contributor

Jonah.P is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

share|improve this answer

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

New contributor

Jonah.P is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

New contributor

Jonah.P is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

answered 1 hour ago

Jonah.PJonah.P

112

0

Your error here is defining "normal" as a single set of things to which something either belongs or doesn't. That's not a useful (or normal) definition. Things are only normal or abnormal in context, compared to others of their kind. Are they a common or typical example of that kind, or are they an unusual or rare example? Normal cats have long tails (Manx cats might be considered abnormal). But a cat would be, say, a very abnormal voter, or an abnormal vehicle (more typical voters being human and more typical vehicles being machines). A perfectly normal person, likewise, would be an abnormal meal (cannibalism being rare), and a perfectly ordinary vehicle (say a bicycle) would be an unusual piece of art to hang on a wall.

You then make a second error in assuming that the statement "cats are normal" is equating the set of cats with the set of normal things. That's not what "are" means in this context. A more appropriate reading of that sentence would be to make cats a subset of normal things.

share|improve this answer

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I did some editing to my question.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

0

Your error here is defining "normal" as a single set of things to which something either belongs or doesn't. That's not a useful (or normal) definition. Things are only normal or abnormal in context, compared to others of their kind. Are they a common or typical example of that kind, or are they an unusual or rare example? Normal cats have long tails (Manx cats might be considered abnormal). But a cat would be, say, a very abnormal voter, or an abnormal vehicle (more typical voters being human and more typical vehicles being machines). A perfectly normal person, likewise, would be an abnormal meal (cannibalism being rare), and a perfectly ordinary vehicle (say a bicycle) would be an unusual piece of art to hang on a wall.

You then make a second error in assuming that the statement "cats are normal" is equating the set of cats with the set of normal things. That's not what "are" means in this context. A more appropriate reading of that sentence would be to make cats a subset of normal things.

share|improve this answer

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

• 
  
  
  

  
  

  
  
  
  
  
  

  
  
  I did some editing to my question.
  
  – brilliant
  30 mins ago
  

  
  
  
  

add a comment | 

Your error here is defining "normal" as a single set of things to which something either belongs or doesn't. That's not a useful (or normal) definition. Things are only normal or abnormal in context, compared to others of their kind. Are they a common or typical example of that kind, or are they an unusual or rare example? Normal cats have long tails (Manx cats might be considered abnormal). But a cat would be, say, a very abnormal voter, or an abnormal vehicle (more typical voters being human and more typical vehicles being machines). A perfectly normal person, likewise, would be an abnormal meal (cannibalism being rare), and a perfectly ordinary vehicle (say a bicycle) would be an unusual piece of art to hang on a wall.

You then make a second error in assuming that the statement "cats are normal" is equating the set of cats with the set of normal things. That's not what "are" means in this context. A more appropriate reading of that sentence would be to make cats a subset of normal things.

share|improve this answer

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

share|improve this answer

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

answered 46 mins ago

Lee Daniel CrockerLee Daniel Crocker

1,524512

0

The argument is basically the fallacy of Denying the Antecedant. ~C, C → N |- ~N

• RabbitBirths are not CatBirths,


• CatBirths are NaturalPhenomena,


• therefore RabbitBirths are not NaturalPhenomena.

R → ~C , C → N |- R → ~N

share

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618

add a comment | 

0

The argument is basically the fallacy of Denying the Antecedant. ~C, C → N |- ~N

• RabbitBirths are not CatBirths,


• CatBirths are NaturalPhenomena,


• therefore RabbitBirths are not NaturalPhenomena.

R → ~C , C → N |- R → ~N

share

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618

add a comment | 

The argument is basically the fallacy of Denying the Antecedant. ~C, C → N |- ~N

• RabbitBirths are not CatBirths,


• CatBirths are NaturalPhenomena,


• therefore RabbitBirths are not NaturalPhenomena.

R → ~C , C → N |- R → ~N

share

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618

share

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618

answered 9 mins ago

Graham KempGraham Kemp

85618